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Water hygiene

Hot Tubs and Spa Pools: Legionella Risks for Holiday Lets and Hotels

Warm, aerated water and lots of bathers make hot tubs one of the highest-risk systems for legionella.
4 min read · Updated October 2026

Why hot tubs are high risk

Spa water sits at around 35 to 40°C, perfect for bacterial growth, and the bubbles create an aerosol that people breathe in. Outbreaks have been linked to hot tubs in hotels, holiday parks and even on display in shops.

What good management looks like

  • Continuous disinfection with correct chemical levels
  • Checking and recording pH and disinfectant levels several times a day when in use
  • Regular filter backwashing and cleaning
  • Regular water changes
  • Periodic microbiological sampling
  • Trained staff and a written management plan

Guidance to follow

HSE's HSG282 covers commercial spa pools and HSG274 Part 3 covers other risk systems. Holiday lets with hot tubs used by paying guests are treated as commercial.

Frequently asked questions

Do holiday let hot tubs need a legionella risk assessment?

Yes. A hot tub provided for paying guests is a commercial spa pool and must be risk assessed and managed.

Disclaimer: This guide is general information about UK requirements and is not legal advice. Always check the current legislation and guidance for your premises.